Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor | VEGF | Classification and functions
Vascular endothelial growth factor known as vascular permeability factor (VPF), is a signal protein produced by many cells that stimulates the formation of blood vessels. To be specific, VEGF is a sub-family of growth factors, the platelet-derived growth factor family of cystine-knot growth factors. They are important signaling proteins involved in both vasculogenesis (the de novo formation of the embryonic circulatory system) and angiogenesis (the growth of blood vessels from pre-existing vasculature).
It is part of the system that restores the oxygen supply to tissues when blood circulation is inadequate such as in hypoxic conditions.[2] Serum concentration of VEGF is high in bronchial asthma and diabetes mellitus.[3] VEGF's normal function is to create new blood vessels during embryonic development, new blood vessels after injury, muscle following exercise, and new vessels (collateral circulation) to bypass blocked vessels.
In mammals, the VEGF family comprises five members: VEGF-A, placenta growth factor (PGF), VEGF-B, VEGF-C and VEGF-D. The latter members were discovered after VEGF-A; before their discovery, VEGF-A was known as VEGF. A number of VEGF-related proteins encoded by viruses (VEGF-E) and in the venom of some snakes (VEGF-F) have also been discovered.
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