Zener Diode, Protect Arduino Pins against Over voltage " Electronics Tutorial"

Published: 10 October 2018
on channel: Electronic Clinic
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Project Description:
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Zener Diode is one of the most commonly used electronics components. In Today’s episode, you will learn what is a Zener Diode, its Characteristics, datasheet specs, its working principle, applications and its Practical use with Arduino or any other controller against overvoltage. A few days back I posted a tutorial on Arduino voltage monitoring using 0 to 25v voltage sensor, this voltage sensor is capable of measuring the voltage ranging from 0.02445v to 25volts dc. At 25v we get exactly 5v. As you know my friends the Arduino's maximum analog voltage is 5v.
But what if we increase the voltage above 25v the output voltage will also increase and so will damage the analog pin of the controller. So in this episode, you will also learn how to protect your controller against over-voltage, but first, let’s cover some basics. Let’s get started.
This is the Symbol of a Zener diode. A Zener diode is a silicon semiconductor device that permits current to flow in both forward or reverse direction.
Zener Diode not only allows the flow of current when used in forward bias, but they also allow the flow of current when used in the reversed bias so far the applied voltage is above the breakdown voltage known as the Zener Breakdown Voltage. Or in other words, Breakdown voltage is the voltage, on which Zener Diode starts conducting in reverse direction. The Zener break down voltage is denoted by Vz
A resistor, R1 is connected in series with the Zener diode to limit the amount of current flowing through the diode and the input voltage Vin (Which must be greater than the Zener voltage) is connected across as shown in the image and the output voltage Vout, is taken across the Zener diode with Vout = Vz (Zener Voltage).


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