Master Docker Essentials: Top Commands for DevOps Interview Preparation Part 3
This list categorizes essential Docker commands for managing containers, images, networks, volumes, and services efficiently.
1. System Cleanup & Information
docker system prune -a removes all unused data, including images, containers, and networks.
docker system df -v displays detailed disk usage.
docker info --format outputs system information in a formatted manner.
2. Container Management
docker run -it image bash starts a container in interactive mode with a bash shell.
docker run --rm -v $(pwd):/app -w /app image command runs a command inside a mounted volume.
docker run -d image runs a container in detached mode.
docker ps -f "status=exited" lists stopped containers.
docker inspect container --format='{{.State.ExitCode}}' retrieves a container’s exit code.
3. Image Building & Management
docker build -t image-name . builds an image from a Dockerfile in the current directory.
docker build --no-cache=true disables build cache to force a fresh build.
docker history --no-trunc image shows the complete history of an image.
4. Networking & Connectivity
docker network create network-name creates a new network.
docker network inspect network-name provides details about a network.
docker network connect --alias alias network container assigns an alias to a container in a specific network.
docker network rm network-name removes a custom Docker network.
5. Volumes & File Sharing
docker volume prune --force removes all unused volumes without confirmation.
docker run --rm -v host-path:container-path image mounts a volume to share files between host and container.
--mount type=bind,source=hostpath,target=container-path specifies a bind mount for file sharing.
6. Environment Variables & Resource Allocation
docker run -e KEY=value image sets an environment variable in a container.
docker run --cpu-shares value image allocates CPU shares to a container.
docker run --memory-swap value image defines memory limits, including swap space.
7. Security & User Management
docker run -u username image runs a container with a specified user.
--security-opt configures security options for a container.
--cap-add and --cap-drop add or remove Linux capabilities from a container.
8. Docker Compose & Multi-Stage Builds
docker-compose -f file -f override-file up allows multiple Compose files to configure services.
FROM base-image AS stage-name defines a build stage in a multi-stage Dockerfile.
COMPOSE_PROJECT_NAME specifies a project name for Docker Compose.
9. Logging & Monitoring
docker logs -f container streams live logs from a running container.
docker events retrieves a real-time stream of events from the Docker server.
docker inspect container --format='{{.State.Health.Status}}' fetches the health status of a container.
10. Swarm & Service Management
docker service scale service=replicas adjusts the number of replicas for a service.
docker service logs service displays logs for a specific service in a Swarm cluster.
docker service update --health-cmd command service updates the health check command for a service.
11. Container Startup & Execution Options
docker run --restart always image ensures a container restarts unless explicitly stopped.
--entrypoint overrides the default entry point of an image when running a container.
docker exec -it container sh starts a shell session inside a running container.
12. System Utilities & Versioning
docker --version displays the installed Docker version.
docker version provides version details for both the client and server.
docker command --help shows detailed help for a specific Docker command.
This summary covers key Docker functionalities to optimize containerized application deployment, management, and troubleshooting. 🚀
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