Unraveling the Mystery Replication Fork Formation and its function
The replication fork is the site of active DNA synthesis, where the DNA helix unwinds and single strands of the DNA replicates.
Several sites of origin represent the replication forks.
The replication fork is formed during DNA strand unwinding by the helicase enzyme which exposes the origin of replication. A short RNA primer is synthesized by primase and elongation done by DNA polymerase.
The replication fork moves in the direction of the new strand synthesis. The new DNA strands are synthesized in two orientations, i.e 3′ to 5′ direction which is the leading strand, and the 5′ to 3′ orientation which is the lagging strand.
The two sides of the new DNA strand (leading and lagging strand) are replicated in two opposite directions from the replication fork.
Therefore the replication fork is bi-directional.
Leading Strand
The Lagging Strand
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